Did you hear some rumors online from mysterious people with no energy knowledge saying that MARL and Valley Link will somehow "save" West Virginia?

It's complete and utter poppycock.  A politically-fueled, hateful rant.

These are the actual facts about MARL and Valley Link, written by an experienced electric industry professional with decades of experience.  

Question:  Will MARL modernize the electric system here in West Virginia?

Modernize implies different technologies, however MARL is the same old technologies.  MARL is not modernizing the electric system.  It is robbing from the ratepayer to make the rich richer.

Question:  Can MARL make West Virginia an energy leader?

Although transmission assets can help strengthen West Virginia’s role as an energy leader, cheaper non-West Virginia resources are planned to be connected to MARL to wheel their cheaper power, using MARL like an expensive extension cord.  Without large loads coming to West Virginia, it is more likely that other states will strengthen as energy leaders and leave West Virginia holding the bag with electric costs and land obstructions

Question:  Does MARL benefit West Virginia?

MARL only benefits Virginia data centers.  MARL is a wolf in sheep's clothing.  MARL won't benefit West Virginia first.  MARL will not allow our West Virginia power plants, including Mount Storm, Harrison, Fort Martin, Longview, and others across the state to operate at full capacity. The regulations and PJM's 2025 Regional Transmission Expansion Plan shows many projects to transmit, or "wheel" power through MARL from other states like Indiana, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.  The regulations require PJM to wheel the cheapest power first.  West Virginia's customer-serving utilities have a requirement to serve the West Virginia customers first.   The rumored 435 megawatts of excess generation capacity (that may not be high enough) is sitting idle because cheaper power is required to be dispatched first, while considering line ratings.  The Virginia load need is so great, that Virginia's load is causing system reliability issues that could be resolved with Virginia's generation policy matching Virginia's large load incentives.

MARL and Valley Link will NOT change that.  In addition, MARL will be at the ratepayer's expense, including ratepayers in West Virginia and other PJM states, to build, maintain, and wheel power to unique large load customers.   PJM is already talking about using load-shedding more operationally than in emergency with respect to large data center loads.  Plus, when those large loads shift power use, that can cause automatic load shed.  Thus, to keep our electric system reliable, it is best to site large loads near large generators with available capacity.

Question:  What about new generation stations being built in West Virginia, such as Longview's 1,200 megawatt gas fired power plant in Maidsville, and FirstEnergy's plans for another 1,200 megawatt combined cycle facility?

The rumor that these multibillion dollar projects mean jobs for West Virginians in the gas fields, construction trades, and power generation is not true.  Ditto the claim that those plants only make sense if the power they produce can reach consumers, and that requires MARL and Valley Link.  The ratepayer needs to remember how FirstEnergy's coal-fired 1,710 net megawatt Hatfield's Ferry Power Station was replaced by gas generators of similar capacity that require only a handful of people to operate, if that (some gas plants are unmanned).  This switch to gas plants causes about 200 plant jobs lost, along with the operational support business jobs.  Thus, while the rumor may sound logical, it doesn't account for the big picture.

Question:  Would MARL and Valley Link be critical to Governor Patrick Morrisey’s 50 by 50 plan to triple West Virginia’s power generation to 50 gigawatts by 2050?

The Governor's plan may work if West Virginia large generators fed large loads in West Virginia.  Better yet, build large loads where power plants once existed to leverage the existing transmission and cooling water sources.  That will bring the economic growth that West Virginia needs, keep a consistent tax basis, and help keep West Virginia-connected generators operating to  lower transmission flow costs.  Transmission assets depreciate over 40 years, data centers do not.  Look how your home has appreciated over time.  If we want taxes to help us long term, we need the load user to be in West Virginia.

Question:  Will West Virginians will be charged for this project and pay higher rates?

MARL will make Virginia's electric system more stable and richer, not West Virginia's.  Which, if Virginia wants power, Virginia needs to stop closing power plants, and start building them.  West Virginia's grid is stable as is.  When new large load comes to West Virginia that exceeds the grid's available capacity, then build what is needed.

The rumor monger needs to get educated on PJM cost allocation regulations and West Virginia state regulations. The West Virginia Public Service Commission has shielded West Virginians from some costs through West Virginia regulated generators, whose first task is to serve the West Virginia utility's customers.  However, the West Virginia PSC cannot shield ratepayers from all costs since some costs come from PJM, including the multi-billion dollar costs of building MARL and Valley Link.

AGAIN, the best solution is to build large load where the generation is, right here in West Virginia. Then there is no need to build lines that do not serve West Virginia's needs or economic future.

Question:  Will the project destroy family land and reduce property values?

Part truths are dangerous.  Landowners get a one time payment that doesn't represent the total land devaluation, restrictions on land use, or the money flowing over the transmission lines.  Those who sign too early do not get anywhere close to what they should get. The placement of transmission lines decreases property values.  If you consider properties whose homes are islanded between transmission lines, that decreases that homes' value even more.  It may sound admirable to spare the home, but if the home can 'see' both lines, it becomes a big burden to that home. Until you have lived beside a transmission line, you may not consider the audible noises and the emitted electric waves that can't be seen but are real.  To picture this on a smaller scale, can you see how your wireless phone charges or how you get static in your hair?

Question:  Are there long term jobs or benefits for West Virginians?

MARL will support construction jobs and occasional permanent maintenance positions, but those jobs are short term and require specialty workers that typically are contracted, often from out-of-state. As we have seen with the existing transmission lines, there is no daily staff to keep care of transmission lines. Transmission line operation and maintenance is done remotely and by batched jobs based on maintenance intervals and system monitoring. The only difference from the existing lines will be that MARL will be managed by Florida's NextEra.

The MARL line will not bring the long term West Virginia jobs that West Virginia needs. MARL cannot keep West Virginia coal and gas jobs alive or plants to stay open since MARL will be connected to resources outside of West Virginia.  Longview's and FirstEnergy's 1200 megawatt plants (2400MW combined) are a response from the PJM capacity auction to serve load in Virginia through both MARL, and through the 138kV system, hence the proposed PJM breaker at the 500kV BlackOak Substation and the proposed PJM substation near Brandonville. PJM's plan is to ship power through West Virginia to Virginia via the 500kV and 138kV lines.

The 138kV lines are also connected to other states to send other states' power. In addition, the new PJM 2025 RTEP plan is calling for building two (2) MARL lines now.
Both Morgantown area announced gas plants are multibillion dollar plants that will depreciate to the ratepayer's electric bill to serve Virginia.  This means that West Virginians will pay the entire cost to build those plants. Those plants will have very few jobs for West Virginians since gas plants have little to no staff and gas gets transmitted via an interstate transmission system.

These interstate gas transmission systems wheel gas from other states under the same least cost principles as electric is moved.

Again, those plants are being built at the ratepayers expense to serve unique Virginia large loads at West Virginia's expense. The electric rates will include costs to build, maintain, operate, and transmit power, including the cost of electric line losses that occur over distance. So, once a transmission line is needed, just know that electrons gets lost over distance, and that is passed to the ratepayer's bills too. Nothing like paying for something that is lost and can't be seen.

It would be best if West Virginia plants are serving West Virginia load to keep the money in West Virginia.  It may even be best for West Virginia to leave PJM to preserve our generation, boost the West Virginia economy and stop the PJM rate hikes that are needed for areas that don't benefit West Virginia. If West Virgina has all this dependable coal power, then why not keep it to bring wealth and prosperity to West Virginia?

Question:  Will the project hurt tourism and recreation?

MARL will destroy scenic areas and can hurt the state’s tourism industry. People come to West Virginia to enjoy the land and mother nature. Tourism is West Virginia's bread and butter. MARL will be hard to miss with its height and width traversing our West Virginia terrain.
MARL started as a 200 ft. wide right-of-way project and now is being extended to 400 ft. to add a second MARL line (see PJM 2025 RTEP plan).  This project change goes to show that anything presented or discussed needs to be specific whether it's a single circuit MARL 500kV line, or what will be in that easement. Some land owners have reported that NextEra is now indicating that MARL needs 200 ft. plus 100 ft. on both sides. This NextEra tactic is just wrong. One 500kV line requires 200 ft. ground to sky clearance by regulations. That PJM 2025 RTEP plan is still out for bid. But NextEra is trying to position themselves to win the second MARL line bid by misleading landowners, which can lead to unjust landowner compensation.

Question:  Are there are health risks from electromagnetic fields?

With no studies cited on electric magnetic frequency (EMF), it is hard to relate any "facts" to the MARL line. What is interesting is that the rumor mongers validate that EMF is real and that EMF has a harmful threshold. EMF increases with power flow. Not sure what the studies assessed, but the MARL line will island some homes and will interact with any other lines that it is near. It is not common to see homes islanded by extra high voltage lines. Thus, EMF is a valid concern with the MARL project, as even the rumors admit

Question:  Do power lines make noise and interfere with cell phones?

NERC Reliability Standards do not address the "crackling sound during rain" or noise during high load transport days. The MARL lines, and even lower voltage lines, have and will interfere with communications equipment.

Question:  What's the bigger picture?

Groups like West Virginians Against Transmission Line Injustice (WATI) are not just opposing MARL, but are looking for the best solution for the ratepayers, the landowners, and West Virginia overall. 

If this group succeeds, West Virginians will maintain power reliability since West Virginia's transmission system and generator supply is robust and reliable with enough breakers between West Virginia and Virginia to open and stop any Virginia-caused power grid blackout. It is the Virginia system this is not reliable due to Virginia's changes in energy policy that forced plant closures that once fed that area, and blocked building new ones.  So when you hear that MARL is needed for the region's electric reliability, just know that it is the PJM Region, a.k.a. Virginia, and not the West Virginia Region.

The unreliable PJM region is being caused by Virginia and should be paid for by Virginia. Why should West Virginia suffer? Governor Morrisey’s 50 by 50 plan to triple our energy production to 50 gigawatts by 2050 can succeed if large load customers flock to West Virginia. West Virginia large loads support West Virginia coal, gas, and West Virginia's economic growth.   The shorter the electricity flows, the lesser costs due to electric line losses.

Here's Bottom Line:

- MARL and Valley Link are threats to West Virginia land, tourism, and cause expenses to West Virginia ratepayers.  They bring economic growth to Virginia at West Virginia's expense.

- West Virginia's electric system is robust and reliable today. West Virginia has several extreme weather dependable coal generators, Virginia does not. West Virginia has a modern transmission system to deliver West Virginia generation to West Virginia customers. Makes one wonder why doesn't West Virginia leave PJM?  PJM has not delivered cheaper rates as originally promised.  Some of this has been caused by PJM approving generation retirements and causing an endless loop of costs to the rate payer. 

- MARL is designed to take electric from other states. Sure, MARL may throw a bone to West Virginia coal on extreme weather days when cheaper generators can't operate due to their ambient weather designs, but that can't be counted on since there is so much multi-state, lower cost generation interconnected (now and planned) to MARL's starting point. There seems to be a lot of false hope that needs to be  refocused on the bigger picture and state and federal regulations.

- A brighter future for West Virginia will surface with new West Virginia incentives for new load and large load to locate in West Virginia. The facts are clear. ​

The Third Circuit Court of Appeals issued a Precedential Opinion yesterday in a case that has drawn an enormous amount of attention in the electric regulatory world, but little notice from everyone else.

Transource Pennsylvania LLC v. Steven DeFrank concerns the Public Utility Commission of Pennsylvania's denial of a Certificate to construct the Transource project in the state.  After losing, Transource claimed that the PUC was prohibited from making a finding that the project wasn't needed because it must simply accept the finding of need issued by PJM Interconnection.

I wrote about this at the end of last year, after listening to the Oral Argument where the state could hardly get a word in edgewise because the Court simply didn't want to hear it.  The Opinion was about what I expected.

The Court confused FERC's jurisdiction to set interstate transmission RATES with PJM's transmission planning finding that the Transource project would lower rates for consumers in Washington, DC and Baltimore.  PJM does not set rates, therefore their project planning does not set rates.  Only FERC can do that.

What FERC cannot do is site and permit a transmission project that is not within a National Interest Electric Transmission Corridor.  Transource is not within such a corridor.  PJM is under the regulatory authority of FERC, therefore, the Court reasoned, PJM's planning is an extension of FERC's jurisdiction to set rates.  Faulty logic.

Transmission siting and permitting is state jurisdictional.  That means that the states have the final say on whether or not a project planned by PJM is approved, sited, and issued a permit to construct.

The Court has effectively neutered state jurisdiction and taken away their ability to make a determination whether the project is needed.  The only thing left for the state to do is decide where the project goes.  This gives undue authority to PJM over transmission permitting, and obliterates due process for landowners impacted by the new transmission project.

The Court says that states (and presumably others impacted) can challenge PJM's planning process and determination of need at FERC, therefore their due process rights are not impacted.

However, this is not the bargain states have struck with the federal government about transmission permitting.  States have historically followed state law when it comes to need determinations, and state law usually requires the utility commission to make a finding of need when permitting a project.  Pennsylvania's law is explicit that the PUC must decide whether the project is needed.  Other states get there in different ways.  West Virginia's law says:

There it is under (1)... is necessary...

But now West Virginia is prohibited from making a finding that the transmission line is not necessary.  West Virginia must simply accept PJM's determination that it is.

Maybe this would work out great if PJM was actually a place where competing opinions were accepted and where an impartial adjudicator listened to both sides before making a decision whether or not a project is needed.  But PJM is not that place.  Anyone who has attended a PJM planning meeting knows that it's a one-way ride on the authoritarian train where you can't pull a cord to stop the train.  PJM makes decisions in a closed environment and rejects any dissent.  Therefore, the only avenue open for states or other parties who do not agree with PJM's findings is to make a complaint at FERC.  FERC does not examine each project that PJM approves to assure it's needed.  PJM has a big book of rules that are approved by FERC.  As long as PJM follows its rules, then FERC just goes along for the ride.  However now FERC is going to be examining all PJM's need data on a case-by-case basis for each transmission project PJM approves.  FERC doesn't have time for that and the delays for new transmission are going to be astronomical while FERC spins its wheels examining each need determination in detail to make sure it agrees with PJM's rules.  No more rubber stamping!

In addition, the tension between PJM and states is thick right now.  PJM doesn't need this additional irritation.  It could be the burr under the saddle that finally prompts PJM states to exit PJM for good.  PJM isn't planning anything in your state if its not a member of PJM.

In addition, states are going to plow new ground creating a meaning for the word "permit".  States have authority to site and permit.  What does that mean?  It means not only does the state decide where the project goes, it also decides whether the project goes.  Don't underestimate what the states can do to find ways to deny transmission applications on any other basis but need.  What then?  Will a court keep whittling away on state authority to permit transmission?

This Opinion is Pandora's Box.  Nothing good is going to come out of it except a whole lotta litigation and state refusal to approve new transmission applications.  Nobody likes to be told they must accept someone else's opinion without examining it.  Trust but verify.  That's what states have been doing for decades.

It remains to be seen whether the PA PUC will ask for hearing en banc, where the entire court (all the judges) takes another look at the decision, or whether the PA PUC will take their chances at the Supreme Court.

​This story is not over.

Last month, I told you about a proposal that was submitted to PJM Interconnection that would turn MARL into a double-circuit 500kV transmission line between the Fort Martin power station in Morgantown, WV and the new Woodside substation in Frederick County, VA.

Well, PJM has finally posted its new maps and there's one that shows what this NextEra proposal would look like, if you had trouble following along with the narrative I gave you last time.

​Here it is:  

This map shows a second 500kV circuit beginning at the Fort Martin power station.  A double circuit is just what it sounds like... two 500kV circuits on a common structure.  It is unlikely that the two circuits will be stacked vertically on the structure.  More likely that they will be separated horizontally, with one 500kV circuit on a horizontal arm on each side of the structure.  This is going to change the look of the towers, perhaps their height, and perhaps their width.  It also doubles the amount of power MARL can carry.

The double circuit structures will end at Gore, VA, where NextEra's segment of the project ends.  Because FirstEnergy owns the eastern segment of MARL that continues on from there, NextEra will have to put its second 500kV circuit on new structures on a new 200 ft. wide right of way.  This is an enlargement of the Frederick County section.

You would still get Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek 500kV on new poles on one side of the existing easement, plus you would get MARL 500kV #2 on a new 200 ft. right of way on the north side of the existing easement.  And don't forget Valley Link, which will add another 200 ft. to all that for its own line of 765kV towers.  Impacted landowners would have not only 1,765kV of electricity added to their properties, but an additional 400 feet of right of way as well.

Meanwhile, at the other end of MARL #2, NextEra proposes to add a new 500kV substation at the point where existing lines feeding from Ft. Martin intersect with MARL #1.  That part of PJM's map doesn't look exactly accurate, so here's my attempt at mapping where the new Sandy Creek substation may be located north of Bruceton Mills.

Of course, this is going to delay MARL significantly because they're going to have to go back to the drawing board designing the structures.  They're going to have to have new Open House meetings to show you their updated project, too.  And this project is likely to include parts that are ultimately assigned to FirstEnergy, such as expanding the Fort Martin substation.  If FirstEnergy is assigned components of MARL #2, then FirstEnergy would have to start from square one on its part of the project.  The new 500kV NextEra line in Frederick County would also have to start from scratch and hold Open House meetings before filing an application.

So, what happens next?  PJM will be evaluating this proposal (and 133 others around the region) and discussing them at upcoming meetings with the goal of choosing projects by the end of the year.  It's unlikely NextEra will move forward with its application until it knows whether it will be approved to add that second 500kV circuit.

When your friendly, neighborhood land shark... err agent, land agent, shows up to pressure you about signing an easement agreement, perhaps you should be asking him about NextEra's MARL double circuit proposal?  There's more you're not being told...

PJM Interconnection, our regional grid operator and planner, is always planning something.  PJM regularly presents problem statements to transmission developers and solicits proposed solutions as part of a competitive transmission process.  Each RFP for transmission solutions is called a "window".  PJM presents its problem statement, and willing developers submit proposed solutions.  PJM's competitive transmission windows are what brought us the MARL, Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek, and Valley Link projects.

Once the open "window" closes, developers submissions are posted on PJM's website with a lot of "competitive" information redacted so that only a skeleton of the proposal is available to the public.  These bare bones proposals are turned into maps and tables that PJM's Transmission Expansion Advisory Committee (TEAC) discusses at its monthly meetings with the goal of selecting one of more of the proposals to address the problem PJM described.  The discussion and selection usually takes place over the course of several months, and once PJM's TEAC has selected a project or projects, it must read them into the record twice at committee meetings before submitting them to PJM's Board of Managers for approval.  If PJM's Board of Managers approves the new projects, they are added to PJM's Regional Transmission Expansion Plan (RTEP) and assigned to their transmission developer sponsors.  PJM signs what's called a Designated Entity Agreement (DEA) with the developer and the developer begins routing and engineering studies and eventual public information sessions that they call "Open House" meetings.  This is the exact process that MARL, GDGC and Valley Link have followed.

PJM opened a new competitive window in June of this year to solve a number of problems with the transmission system.  The main problem, as always, is that Northern Virginia demand is skyrocketing due to new data center proposals.  You can look at the factors PJM was considering by reviewing PJM's TEAC meeting slides from last month.  PJM said that some of the lines bringing power from the west would be overloaded in 2032.  Here's one of their maps.

I will share that PJM's meetings and information are high on the techno-speak level and may appear confusing to most people.

PJM's 2025 Window 1 closed on August 18.  PJM received many new transmission proposals.  Not all proposals submitted will ultimately be selected.  However, we have a first look at what has been proposed so that we can follow PJM's evaluation of these proposals and selection of the projects it wants to move forward.  Here's the full list of proposed projects (expand the 2025 RTEP Window 1 link).  They are simply referred to by number, and each number has a brief description of the project, with much of the specific information redacted to protect competitive information.  The name of the proposer is always redacted, however there's much we can garner out of the information that is not redacted that gives us clues about who may have proposed them.

One of the proposed projects is numbered 896.  This proposal, which may have been made by FirstEnergy or NextEra, calls for turning MARL into a double circuit 500kV transmission line, and adding a second 500kV line to the first segment of GDGC across Frederick County, Virginia.

The proposed MARL double circuit begins at FirstEnergy's Fort Martin power station in Morgantown, WV.

The project calls for a new 138kV line from Ft. Martin to a new substation in Mon County that would be called Sandy Creek.  The proposed Sandy Creek substation will intersect with MARL and feed power directly from Ft. Martin to the new 500kV circuit proposed to be added to the MARL project.  The Sandy Creek substation is described:

The new 500kV circuit will be added to MARL's proposed towers so that MARL would consist of TWO 500kV transmission lines, possibly hanging from the same new tower.  The proposer says this doesn't make any difference because MARL has not been constructed yet so they can change the towers and the circuits.

This includes the entire portion of MARL from a point in Mon County to the place in Frederick County, Virginia where the MARL project ends and the Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek project begins.  It would impact Mon, Preston, Garrett, Allegany, Mineral and Hampshire Counties.  The proposer says it will use "existing right-of-way" but that right-of-way doesn't actually exist yet and will only exist if MARL is approved and built.  It only exists on paper right now because NextEra has not actually obtained any right-of-way for the MARL project in those counties yet.  Talk about counting your chickens before they hatch, right?

Once this new double circuit 500kV line gets to the demarcation point between MARL and GDGC in Frederick County, Virginia, it proposes to run on a new 200 foot right of way for 17 miles across Frederick County until it reaches the proposed Woodside substation owned by NextEra.

They can't simply continue the double circuit on the same new towers when they get to Frederick County because that is the point where the Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek line is already planned to be constructed as a double circuit with the existing 138kV line.  The second 500kV circuit would need a whole new right-of-way parallel to the existing configuration.  And don't forget that Valley Link is coming along behind it and creating its own new 200 ft. right-of-way.  Frederick County is looking at not only the new 185 ft. tower for the first 500kV circuit, but the addition of two new lines on parallel rights-of-way that would add 400 feet to the existing 250 foot wide corridor.  Total if this is selected and completed:  650 feet wide right-of-way with three 500 kV lines, one 138kV line, and one 765kV line.  That's a whole lot of power and a whole lot of expansion for Frederick County!

Meanwhile, back in Mon County, Fort Martin's substation must expand for this plan.

The new line from Fort Martin to the new Sandy Creek substation will be constructed for approximately 1-mile and parallels the Hazelton to Lake Lynn 138 kV in Mon County on a proposed new 100 ft. right-of-way.  A second new 138kV line from a nearby substation will also parallel Hazelton to Lake Lynn for an additional 2 miles of new 100 ft. right-of-way.  That's three miles of new right of way in Mon County, and a new substation.

Seems like double jeopardy for impacted landowners, doesn't it?  As if it's not bad enough that MARL is proposed for your property, now the transmission companies want to double your pain with a second 500kV circuit and miles of new right-of-way, and a new substation, in Mon County and Frederick County.

For what?  To get power to data centers in Northern Virginia.

It really emphasizes the fact that these new transmission lines are NOT for West Virginia, and they are NOT needed to attract new data centers in the West Virginia counties they cross.  They are for Northern Virginia data centers, they are not for us!

PJM's TEAC meetings are open to all "stakeholders".  We are all stakeholders in this and anyone may attend the TEAC meetings where these projects are discussed to ask questions or make comments.  PJM TEAC meetings are held once a month, during the work day, and may be attended via Webex or over the telephone.  If you want to attend, you can sign up on PJM's website.  You must have a PJM account and pre-register for the meetings.  If that's not your cup of tea, you can simply get updates from citizens who regularly attend these meetings and save your written comments for PJM's Board of Managers if this proposal is ultimately selected by PJM's TEAC.

Remember, this is only a proposal right now and there is no guarantee it will be selected.  However, MARL and Valley Link were once only just proposals like this, so consider this a heads up on what PJM may be cooking up to invade your community in the future.

Transmission extension cords from West Virginia will never be enough for Virginia's insatiable appetite for electricity and it is expected that PJM's planners will keep adding more and more unless West Virginia stands up and says NO.  

West Virginia's talk news has been all over the subject of the MidAtlantic Resiliency Link, or MARL, for the past couple of weeks.  Despite their heroic efforts, they've barely scratched the surface of the truth about MARL.  It's much more complicated than can be explained on a brief radio show, obviously, and probably more than can be covered in a brief facebook post.  Isn't it time for everyone to dig a little deeper?  I promise it won't be too complicated.  I've learned to distill understandable facts from of the energy industry's big jug o' technospeak over the past 17 years.  This won't hurt a bit!

I'm going to concentrate on a recent MetroNews Talkline radio interview of NextEra's Kaitlyn McCormick.  Listening to it was pretty rough because Kaitlyn kept fading in and out and it was hard to understand much of what she said.  Was she talking on a cell phone while driving through West Virginia's beautiful mountains?  Or was she just waving her phone around while trying to talk on speaker?  Take your pick.  I'm going to use the equally bad transcript to try to decipher exactly what she said.

Let's begin with the fact that MARL is only one part of a larger project approved by PJM Interconnection.  Even Kaitlyn admits that, although the radio hosts insist on treating it like an individual project.  This is a map of the project PJM approved:

MARL is the light peachy-colored line here that begins at the 502 Junction substation in Greene County, PA and ends just over the state border at Gore, VA.  The blue line is a continuation of the new 500kV line to be built by rival company FirstEnergy.  They are calling their project "Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek" after the substations it will connect.  FirstEnergy's portion of the project begins where NextEra's ends and heads east to continue the electricity extension cord to its ultimate destination, a substation in Loudoun County's "data center alley" called Goose Creek.  Neither one of these projects can stand alone.  PJM needs BOTH of them to be built to deliver this power to a whole bunch of new data centers planned in Loudoun County.  MARL is not delivering power to a data center in Frederick County, Virginia.  It is simply plugging into FirstEnergy's portion of the project in Gore.  If one of these two line segments isn't built, the other one won't be built either.  It's all or nothing because PJM needs both segments to deliver the power from 502 Junction to Goose Creek.

And let's talk about 502 Junction for a moment, shall we?  502 Junction is an existing substation located in Greene County, PA.  Think of 502 Junction as the Grand Central Station of electricity.  It collects electricity generated by plants in the area and re-directs it to new destinations.  Just because 502 Junction is located in Pennsylvania doesn't mean that all the electricity that passes through there is generated in Pennsylvania though.  In fact, most of the electricity passing through 502 Junction is generated in West Virginia!  Here's a map of PJM's transmission system showing 502 Junction and the lines that connect there. 

This map shows what generators connect to 502 Junction to deliver their electricity for re-direction elsewhere.  To the west is AEP's Mitchell plant.  Connecting from the south is FirstEnergy's Harrison plant.  In Morgantown, lines connect both the Longview and Ft. Martin power generators to 502 Junction.  On its way to the southeast, this project will connect with lines feeding out of Dominion's Mt. Storm power station in Grant County, WV.  That's over 7,000MW of hot, juicy, 100% West Virginia coal-fired electricity, and Virginia's green virtue signaling data center companies are hungry, hungry, hungry for it!

And they're hungry because Virginia has closed down many of its fossil fuel generators that can run when called in favor of intermittent solar and wind projects.  Virginia has closed more generation than they have brought online, creating a power deficit.  In addition, Northern Virginia is practically exploding with new data centers proposed by some of the wealthiest companies on the planet (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Meta).  Virginia has no way to power all the stuff it's building.  Virginia just keeps demanding that PJM import more and more power to Virginia, and PJM has only one place to get it... West Virginia!

And this leads us back to WHY PJM Interconnection ordered this project.  PJM did NOT select the two end points for this project.  PJM only selected one, Goose Creek, where the data center load is located.  PJM was open to any transmission extension cords bringing up to 7,500MW of new electric supply from anywhere, as long as it connected to Goose Creek.  It was NextEra who decided that there was an opportunity to suck up to 7,500MW of coal-fired electricity out of West Virginia.  Here's a PJM slide that verifies this need, as well as what the need is for.

PJM needed new transmission to address reliability problems that would develop on its system if it connected 7,500MW of new data center load in Northern Virginia.  If the only tool you have is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail.  While PJM's job is to keep the lights on by making sure power flows throughout the region when needed, PJM's only tool to get the job done is transmission.  PJM cannot order new generation to be built, and Virginia is taking advantage of that.  Virginia considers itself a "clean" state and passed a "Clean Economy Act" that relies on importing more and more coal-fired power from West Virginia.  It's okay for Virginia to pollute our state, but not their own.  West Virginia is just their dirty little energy colony.  It's time to stand up and say enough is enough!

MARL is located in West Virginia simply because West Virginia is in the way of the extension cord from 502 Junction to Loudoun's data center alley.  There's no way to get West Virginia generated electricity to those Virginia data centers without destroying West Virginia along the way.  NextEra doesn't care about that.  They're going to make billions!  Virginia doesn't care about that.  They're also going to make billions in new tax revenue if they can build new data centers powered by West Virginia coal imported via gigantic transmission extension cords.

Kaitlyn made much of MARL connecting to an existing substation at the Mineral/Allegeny border.  That substation is called Black Oak.  It's been there for decades.  MARL needs to connect there for what PJM calls "voltage support."  When transmission lines are long and don't connect anywhere along their path (such as a line from 502 Junction to Goose Creek) they can get unstable and need injection of reactive power along the way to maintain the correct voltage.  MARL is connecting with Black Oak to suck power out of that substation in order to stabilize its voltage, not to deliver power to either county.  PJM has stated that there will be no new substations planned along MARL's route.  MARL isn't for West Virginia, or any community along the way.  MARL's entire capacity is already called for by data centers in Loudoun County, VA.  There is no way for West Virginia to benefit from additional substations.  That's not how new demand is planned.  

In order to plan to build new load in any location, there has to be an actual customer who requests electric service.  No utility (or PJM) plans to build power lines or generators with the hope that doing so would attract new load.  All utility infrastructure must be used and useful to the consumers who pay for it.  So, a real data center must request electric service in your county.  Then the utility that serves your county must evaluate whether they can serve the load with the existing system.  If so, the new load is connected.  If not, then the utility sends a load request up to PJM, who includes that in their next transmission planning load forecast.  This is exactly how MARL was planned.  It wasn't planned for us, it was planned for data centers in Virginia.

Kaitlyn's blathering about congestion and reliability in West Virginia avoids the real issue... connecting more data center load in Virginia is what destabilizes the system because Virginia is not also connecting more electric generation to match its load request.  There are only congestion and reliability issues in West Virginia if those data centers in Virginia are connected.  If West Virginia doesn't approve MARL, then those data centers will have to wait longer to be connected, or will simply go elsewhere that has available power.  PJM will not connect new data centers that will cause blackouts on the system.  PJM's first job is to maintain the reliability of the existing system.

Kaitlyn tries to pull a fast one on these radio hosts and listeners.  She says that everyone's goal is to minimize overall impacts.  This presumes that everyone agrees that MARL must be built.  West Virginians do NOT agree it needs to be built, or that MARL is a fait accompli.  West Virginians believe that this project is not logical or helpful to West Virginia and that it can be stopped!

Kaitlyn prattles on about paralleling existing transmission lines as a least impactful solution.  That's only if you don't live near those existing lines.  Where's the equity in property impacts between those properties already doing their part to host unwanted public infrastructure and the rest of us who don't have to do anything to help?  Paralleling existing transmission lines is actually MORE impactful because it cannot deviate around homes or other land uses like a line sited on unburdened land.  Paralleling is only "better" in the minds of transmission executives and PJM planners who think landowners who live next to existing easements will be a push over.  How about now?  How about one of the biggest waves of transmission opposition in PJM history?  Is paralleling still such a great idea?  It's not.  It's an idea that needs to die.

MARL will cost West Virginians hundreds of millions of dollars.  Kaitlyn really needs to find out how those rates are set.  This is the second time she's told a lie about the state utility commissions setting rates for MARL.  Even after she was invited to her own company's annual formula rate update meeting! Maybe she's just playing dumb so she can lie with a straight face?  Transmission rates are set by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.  State utility commissions have no jurisdiction to set those rates and must pass them through to their state consumers unscathed.  Kaitlyn needs to stop making me think she's dumb as a box of rocks and perhaps get some training about transmission cost allocation and rates.

The only way we're going to get to the bottom of this is to keep digging!

For years, West Virginia has been the target of big green lawsuits, and the butt of arrogantly rude jokes.  Our state has mined coal, burned coal, and exported the electricity produced for more than 100 years.  West Virginia is one of only two consistent electric power exporters in our PJM Interconnection grid region.  States to our east, however, have adopted their own "clean energy" legislation that causes fossil fuel electric generation within their borders to close, such as the Virginia Clean Economy Act.  However, these "clean" states have no qualms about importing increasing amounts of dirty coal-fired electricity from West Virginia though.  Virginia's plan to supply its "clean" economy with electricity relies on increased imports of electricity from West Virginia.

Virginia's economy has created "data center alley," the largest concentration of data centers in the world.  The whole world!  And Virginia has been powering them with our dirty coal-fired power from West Virginia.  This is what has made Loudoun County, Virginia, the wealthiest county in the nation.  The whole nation!

And there Virginia sits, sneering at West Virginia and making jokes about how we're at the bottom of many state achievement lists and maligning us as a bunch of hillbillies who actually LIKE being trodden by Virginia's polished boots on our neck.  If there's something the "civilized" in Northern Virginia want that comes with impacts, they look right away to West Virginia as their sacrifice zone.

Today's West Virginia is DONE with that!

Now Virginia wants to build out a network of AI data centers, the largest in the world.  But Virginia also doesn't want to have the infrastructure necessary to power those data centers in their own back yard.  Virginians would yell and scream about the protection of their environment, while demanding that the infrastructure they don't want be moved to West Virginia.

Instead of building the infrastructure to power the data centers Virginia wants near the load they are creating, Virginia is playing a coy game with regional grid operator PJM Interconnection.  They simply encourage new AI data centers to make load requests to Virginia public utility Dominion Energy.  Dominion sends these impossible load forecasts up to PJM Interconnection, and PJM uses the only tool at its disposal to meet the load request of a public utility... transmission!  PJM does not and cannot order the construction of new generation.  It can only plan and order transmission, and that's exactly what it's done... planned and ordered new transmission extension cords from West Virginia's coal-fired power plants to serve the new AI data centers in Virginia.  West Virginia's public utilities, owned by corporations based in Ohio, are thrilled with this arrangement because they not only make money selling more electricity produced in West Virginia, they also rake in billions of dollars building new transmission extension cords.

This has to STOP!

AI data centers can be built practically anywhere that there is power and water available.  They don't need to be located within Northern Virginia's data center alley.  AI data centers could actually be built in West Virginia, in communities that want them and their tax revenue.  That's exactly what West Virginia's elected officials were thinking this year when they passed The Power Generation and Consumption Act (aka HB 2014).  However, it seems that data companies are hardly beating a path to our door.  Instead, there was a big announcement recently where Pennsylvania became the home to many new data centers in the planning stage. 

Apparently it takes *more* than just allowing data centers to build their own generation.  And it's all about who pays!  West Virginia's Power Generation and Consumption Act makes the data center pay to build its own power.  Other states simply push the service requests up to PJM interconnection, who orders new transmission that electric consumers pay for.  West Virginia is also a vertically integrated state where utilities own generation, transmission and distribution.  Generation built by our utilities is paid for by West Virginians.  When data centers get built in other states, West Virginians end up footing the bill to power them!  Frankly, that is OUTRAGEOUS!

After all these years, West Virginia finally has something other states want.  West Virginia needs to quit giving it away and being satisfied with the crumbs left from the other state feasts.

Take back your power, West Virginia!  Don't allow new transmission extension cords that drain our power to be built in West Virginia!  West Virginia has the final say whether new transmission extension cords are built in West Virginia.  If West Virginia keeps allowing other states to siphon off our power, there's nothing here to attract data centers.  They'll locate in surrounding states and suck all our power out of West Virginia.

Say NO to new transmission extension cords providing OUR power to surrounding parasitic states!  If we keep feeding new data centers in Virginia, they never have any reason to build here instead.   Keep our power here, providing economic development to our own state.

Take back your power, West Virginia! Say NO to new transmission extension cords across our beautiful state!

Yesterday, landowners in Virginia began receiving letters from FirstEnergy's transmission group with information about the first of several transmission extension cords ordered by regional grid operator PJM Interconnection to power Loudoun County's data centers with West Virginia generated coal-fired electricity.  The letters also invited landowners to several "Open House" meetings to be held along the project route in mid-August.

Tuesday, August 12, 2025
6:00-8:00 P.M.
Lovettsville, VA
Lovettsville Volunteer Fire Hall
12837 Berlin Turnpike
Lovettsville, VA 20180

Wednesday, August 13, 2025
6:00-8:00 P.M.
Shepherdstown, WV
Shepherd University Wellness Center
164 University Drive
Shepherdstown, WV 25443
​
Thursday, August 14, 2025
6:00-8:00 P.M.
Winchester, VA
Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
901 Amherst Street
​Winchester, VA 22601

If you didn't get a letter (yet), you can read the letter by downloading this file.  Sorry, but FirstEnergy is withholding access to its website until August 12.  Be sure to mark that down to include in your comments to the Public Service Commission... withholding of information and insufficient time to meaningfully interact with the community during routing.

You are encouraged to attend these Open House meetings to get more information and to ask questions, lots of questions.  Feel free to attend any (or ALL) of the meetings, but the meetings will be identical.  So, if you forget to ask a question, or need more information, hit repeat the next night at a new location.

The Open House meetings for transmission projects are always the same format, and I've been to lots of them.  It's NOT a "Town Hall" or other form of meeting with a formal information presentation with designated speakers followed by a Q&A for everyone at the meeting to take turns asking questions.  Instead, these meetings are a place for individuals to hunt for little bits of information at certain "stations" set up around the room.  Bring your Sherlock Holmes outfit, not a prepared speech.  It's pure divide and conquer.  Each station will cover a specific topic and be staffed by one or more FirstEnergy subject matter "experts".  You are supposed to enter the room and sign in to give FirstEnergy all your contact information so that their land agents have an easier time harassing you in the future.  Then you are supposed to filter through and interact with each station set up along the perimeter of the room like cattle in a chute.  When you finally get to the end of the stations (back where you began) you will be asked to fill out a comment card and let FirstEnergy know what you think about the project.  This is a diagram of their set up:

There is no place for you to make a public comment to all the meeting attendees, so don't bother writing one.  Instead, you will talk one-on-one with FirstEnergy employees and contractors.  If you insist on having a moment and making a shouted announcement to all the attendees inside, count on FirstEnergy to have security at the meeting who will escort you out.

Open House meetings are loud and confusing.  There are hundreds of people talking at once in a confined space.  It is extremely hard to hear what anyone is saying, even someone right next to you.

Sometimes, the companies go all out and provide food, drink and freebie souveniers, such as keychains, notebooks, or cheap Chinese Yeti knockoffs with their project name on them.  FirstEnergy ain't having none of that at the Maryland meetings for Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek (aka MARL).  There will be nothing for you except paper handouts.  Not even a drink of water.  Bring your own so you can stay hydrated.  It's been hot out there!

And speaking of hot out there... feel free to stage a protest outside the Open House meeting.  Wave signs, sing songs, chant, but don't block the entrance or waylay people on their way inside.  They'll probably be back to join you after getting their own dose of "information" from inside.  Get to know other people in your community who are also affected by the transmission project.  Exchange contact information.  Create a petition against the project for people to sign.  But remember, keep it peaceful and don't interfere with what FirstEnergy is doing inside.  Sorry I won't see you there, but we can talk afterwards.

Here are some photos from FirstEnergy's June Open House in Montgomery County, Maryland.  

YOU get a substation!  Everyone gets a substation!

Has NextEra promised you a substation?  Has another transmission company that wants to run a transmission line through your county or district offered you a substation?  Does your county actually NEED a new substation, or is it being promised as a speculative draw for new data centers or industry in your county?

Talk is cheap.  Reality is expensive.  Really, really expensive.  A new 500kV substation costs around $50M to build.  Even looping MARL (or another new line) through an existing substation in your county costs about $20M.  Who do you think is going to pay for that?  If there's no actual NEED for a new substation, your county or district is going to pay for that.  All of a sudden, it doesn't sound like such a bargain, does it?  After all, your county doesn't have $50M to invest in speculative infrastructure to attract new businesses, does it?

All those promises about NextEra "dropping a substation" in your county or district are likely not only false promises, they are actually ludicrous to anyone who knows anything about how transmission is planned and built.  Don't parade your lack of knowledge around like a blinking beacon.  It's time to look your gift horse in the mouth.  It's just not happening.

Here's the reality about how transmission lines (and substations connected to them) are planned.  In the case of the MARL 500kV transmission project, the NEED came from increased load requests in the Dominion Power zone in Northern Virginia.  Dominion could not serve all the requests it had received to hook up new data center proposals in its service territory.  Dominion's load forecast is made up of actual requests from customers, not speculative requests from politicians or local county planners.  Only electric companies that serve actual customers can add new service requests that become part of the electric company's load forecast at PJM.  If there is no actual customer or NEED for new service, it doesn't go into the load forecast and it doesn't get to PJM. 

Those new service requests at Dominion got added to Dominion's load forecast that was sent to PJM.  In response, PJM opened a new proposal window to serve that need using the transmission system.  MARL was one of the proposals that is purposed to provide 7,500MW of new electricity imports from coal-fired plants in northern West Virginia.  Dominion and its future data center customers are counting on that new extension cord to build.  Those customer requests were made several years ago and cannot be connected until the transmission line is built.  Customers in Northern Virginia can expect to wait up to seven years to get service (if the project is built on time).

If a new data center wants to locate in Hampshire County, West Virginia, it would first make a new service request to the local electricity provider, Potomac Edison.  Potomac Edison would make a determination if it could serve the new customer using the existing system.  If not, Potomac Edison would add the new request to its load forecast that feeds up to PJM for transmission solutions.  However, that new service request would become part of a new planning window, it would not simply "jump the line" to take service away from customers waiting for service in Northern Virginia.

However, if there is no customer in Hampshire, and no new service request for Potomac Edison to serve, Potomac Edison would not add speculative load to its forecast.  The utilities only build the service we actually need.  They don't overbuild their systems based on speculation or political promises.  That's because new transmission and substations are paid for by ALL Potomac Edison customers, and for lines (and substations) 500kV and above, the costs are actually allocated to all consumers in PJM's 13-state region.  Utilities can only charge ratepayers for infrastructure that is used and useful to them.  It cannot charge ratepayers for speculative projects that don't even have a user.

So, where did NextEra's substation promises come from?  Most likely from lobbyists... those sweet talkers who will promise elected officials anything they want to hear in exchange for getting what the company wants.

MARL was originally planned to begin at the 502 Junction substation in Greene Co., Pennsylvania.  It was an unbroken "fly over" transmission line until it reached Frederick County, Virginia, more than 100 miles to the southeast.  There, MARL would build a new 500kV substation to connect MARL with the existing 500kV transmission line called Bismark-Doubs.  That new substation has been named Woodside.  From Woodside, both the existing Bismark-Doubs and the new 500kV MARL line will continue east another 60 miles or so until they connect with an existing 500kV substation in Loudoun County's "data center alley" called Goose Creek.

However, when transmission lines have really long spans between connecting substations, they can lose voltage.  Transmission system owner FirstEnergy noticed that the long span between 502 Junction and Woodside was going to cause unacceptable voltage drop, so they proposed to PJM that the line not simply bypass its existing Black Oak substation as originally planned, but connect there instead on its way east.  According to PJM, the loop into Black Oak is to provide voltage support to the MARL line.  It is NOT to serve new customers in Allegany County, Maryland, as it may have been sold to them in order to gain their support for MARL.  It will actually be taking power from Black Oak, not delivering it.

But, since the Black Oak connection worked so well to snow Allegany County elected officials that they were "getting something" in exchange for hosting the transmission line, perhaps NextEra simply couldn't resist using the same tactic on other elected officials in other impacted communities?  Next thing you know, everyone gets a substation!  And they're just going to "drop" out of the sky, like magic... free magic!  Do these elected officials think that NextEra is paying for all these free, unneeded substations?  Sorry, NextEra has a hard cost cap on the MARL project.  Any freebies they give away are coming out of NextEra's profits.  Also, an unneeded substation is unlikely to be permitted by state regulators.  PJM would have to testify that such a substation is NEEDED and, as as explained above, there is no NEED.  As well, NextEra doesn't serve any end use customers in West Virginia and never will.  Any new service request would be made to Potomac Edison.

In fact, when I asked PJM's planners about the possibility of a substation being "dropped" in Hampshire County (or any other county on MARL's route) I was told that there's currently no plan to do that.  In fact, PJM said that any new customers in those counties would have to make a request to the local electricity provider (Potomac Edison) before anything was planned.  Now go back where we started and read again about how new transmission and substations are planned to serve new customers.

There are currently NO PLANS for new substations to be "dropped" along MARL's route.  Anyone who believes that had best check their facts.  

A new substation is not any more likely than the promises of millions of dollars of new property tax revenue and jobs, jobs, jobs.  It's just not happening.  Oprah can give away cars, but NextEra cannot give away substations.  Don't look like a fool.

Ever feel like the filling in a tuna sandwich?  The "stuff" inside an Oreo?  Well, that's exactly what you are if you're on the Jefferson County section of PJM's 502 Junction to Goose Creek transmission project.  We're being sandwiched between NextEra's MARL on the western side, and FirstEnergy's Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek project on the eastern side.  We're the one remaining area without any maps or information.  Apparently we're being saved for last because we're the ones FirstEnergy is most worried about.  We're the ones who are supposed to remain compliant and in the dark because FirstEnergy has not given us any notice.  Well, wake up folks, this is your notice!

FirstEnergy has finally emerged from their bat cave to disseminate public information about the eastern half of the project.  As I told you several weeks ago, FirstEnergy is calling the eastern half of MARL the melodious Gore-Doubs-Goose Creek project.  You can continue to call it MARL if you like.  It doesn't matter what you call it, as long as you don't call it late for the financial incentives buffet (haw, haw, haw).

But, FirstEnergy is only willing to share information about the Maryland part of its project, and says it wants to file an application with the Maryland PSC by the end of the year.

Despite PJM's empty promises about "using existing rights of way" for eastern MARL, FirstEnergy is planning to expand existing easements and acquire more property.

Fact sheet?  What fact sheet?  Maybe it's on their website?  What website?  The only information you're going to get is going to be in person at the ONE and ONLY "Open House" FirstEnergy is holding for this project.

A public information session on the project is scheduled for June 11 from 6 to 8 p.m. at the Upper Montgomery County Volunteer Fire Department in Beallsville.

This is your only chance to get information.  Be there.

Meanwhile FirstEnergy continues to slink around, approaching landowners with predatory proposals before giving them complete information about the project.

Don't just sit there.  Do something!